described by Dr. Herb Borsuk
| 1. The Canal has been cleaned and shaped to a size #25 file at the apical opening and a size of #4 Gates-Glidden in the coronal half of the canal of an upper central incisor. |
| 2. The canal is irrigated again and the walls freshened with the #25 file that will touch the PDL. The passive cleaning and shaping will produce a suction feeling of the #25 file into the apical opening. |
| 3. Select the appropriate sized non-standardized gutta-percha cone. The fine-medium or medium size will most likely for the canal. Large gutta-percha is used in larger canals. |
| 4. Trim the very tip of the cone with fine scissors to the corresponding diameter size of the apical opening. |
| 5. Precurve and insert the cone into the canal, 1/2mm to 1mm short of the radiograph terminus; and check for; "tug-back". |
| 6. If no tug-back is felt, recapitulate the cleaning and shaping, especially the apical third of the canal. |
| 7. Mark the cone at the incisal reference point and recheck the measured working length. |
| 8.Confirm the cone reached the apical foramen with a radiograph. |
| 9. Sterilized the point in NaOC1 and dry it on a sterile 2x2 gauze pad. |
| 10. Dry the canal with coarse points, then medium points carried to the radiographic terminus. |
| 11. Depth check how far each Schilder plugger or Obtura Condenser will pass into the canal without binding the dentinal wall. Each smaller plugger will pass further toward the apex, but no plugger must bind on the walls of the canal. Write down these depth measurements. Usually 3 to 4 pluggers will be used. |
| 12. Mix the pulp canal sealer to a smooth consistency so that it will "string" at least to 1 inch off the mixing glass slab. |
| 13. Apply the sealer to the canal walls with a stainless file 1mm from the apical foramen. |
| 14. Coat the gutta-percha cone on the 3-4mm tip only and gently place the cone in place to the marking on the butt end of the cone. |
| 15. Immediately after seating the cone, shear off the excess gutta-percha at the orifice with the Touch N Heat. |
| 16. The warmed gutta-percha in the top of the canal is compacted with the largest plugger without wedging on the walls. (e.g.) #11 plugger or #4 Obtura condenser) |
